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In response to the alarming rise in the illicit use of xylazine, Pennsylvania has taken decisive action to restrict access to this potent cattle tranquilizer, while ensuring it remains available for legitimate veterinary use. The move comes as part of a broader effort to address the growing public health crisis fueled by the misuse of opioids and related substances.
Governor Josh Shapiro recently signed into law a measure designating xylazine as a Schedule III drug in the state. Commonly known as "tranq" on the streets, xylazine has increasingly been found in illegal drugs across Pennsylvania, where it is used to prolong the euphoric effects of opioids.
However, recognizing the indispensable role of xylazine in veterinary medicine, the legislation includes provisions to exempt its use by licensed practitioners and reputable animal pharmaceutical companies. This ensures that veterinarians can continue to administer xylazine safely and effectively during procedures on large animals, particularly cattle, where it is the only viable tranquilizer available.
Dr. William Croushore, Secretary and Treasurer of the Pennsylvania Veterinary Medical Association, emphasizes the importance of this exemption, citing both animal welfare and human safety concerns. Without access to xylazine, veterinarians would face challenges in performing necessary procedures, posing risks to both animals and handlers.
While the legislation aims to curb the illicit use of xylazine, it also seeks to prevent unintended consequences, such as making the drug cost-prohibitive for legitimate veterinary purposes. By maintaining stringent regulations on the handling and distribution of xylazine, the law strikes a delicate balance between addressing public health risks and supporting essential veterinary practices.
Despite these efforts, concerns remain about the source of xylazine found in street drugs. Evidence suggests that black-market imports of raw materials are fueling its availability, rather than diversions from veterinary supplies. Nonetheless, veterinarians are required to implement safe storage practices for xylazine, similar to other controlled substances, to prevent misuse and diversion.
The staggering increase in xylazine-related overdose deaths underscores the urgency of action. According to the Department of Health, xylazine contributed to over a thousand deaths in Pennsylvania last year alone, highlighting the severe health risks associated with its illicit use.
Moving forward, collaboration between policymakers, law enforcement, healthcare professionals, and veterinary associations will be crucial in addressing the multifaceted challenges posed by xylazine misuse. By adopting a comprehensive approach that balances regulatory measures with support for veterinary care, Pennsylvania aims to mitigate the harmful impact of xylazine while safeguarding essential medical practices and public safety.
